Nutritional Status of Breast-Fed and Non-Exclusively Breast-Fed Infants from Birth to Age 5 Months in 8 Chinese Cities
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This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of infants aged 0 to 5 months by different feeding approaches. A cross-sectional study on infant nutrition was performed in eight cities in China. A total of 622 infants from birth to 2 months of age and 456 infants from 3 months to 5 months of age were included in this study. Mix-fed infants received breast milk and complementary foods from birth to 2 months of age. Approximately 38.2% of mix-fed infants received excessive vitamin A, and 15.6% of infants exceeded the tolerable upper intake levels (ULs) of zinc. For artificially fed infants who received only complementary foods, approximately 20% and 12.5% infants received inadequate dietary vitamin A and zinc intakes, respectively. The vitamin A and zinc intakes of half of the infants exceeded the ULs. Results showed that the usual intake distribution of the infants from 3 months to 5 months of age were similar to that of the infants from birth to 2 months of age. The common vitamin A and zinc intakes were also severely imbalanced. In addition, higher disease prevalence and lower Z scores of length-forage, weight-for-age, and weight-for-length were found in artificially fed infants and mix-fed infants compared with those in breast-fed infants. In conclusion, the usual nutrient intakes were adequate for the majority of Chinese infants, except for an important number of infants at risk for imbalance of vitamin A and zinc intakes.
JOUR
Ma, Defu
Ning, Yibing
Gao, Hongchong
Li, Wenjun
Wang, Junkuan
Zheng, Yingdong
Zhang, Yumei
Wang, Peiyu
2014
Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition
23
2
282-92
2014/06/06
0964-7058 (Print) 0964-7058 (Linking)
10.6133/apjcn.2014.23.2.16
2298