The Double Burden of Under- and Overnutrition and Nutrient Adequacy among Chinese Preschool and School-Aged Children in 2009-2011
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Background/Objectives: Coincident with economic development, China has experienced a marked transition from undernutrition to overweight/obesity over the last few decades. We aimed to explore the burden of under- and overnutrition and nutrient adequacy among 2–12-year-old Chinese children. Subjects/Methods: We included anthropometry, dietary intake and biomarkers from 2–12-year-olds who participated in the 2009–2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey (n=1191 in 2009; n=1648 in 2011). Dietary intakes were compared with the 2013 Chinese Dietary Recommended Intakes. Results: In 2011, ~19% of 2–6-year-old children were underweight, 4% were stunted, 10% were overweight and 12% were obese. Among 7–12-year-old children, stunting was almost 0%, whereas ~21% were underweight, 13% were overweight and 6% were obese in 2011. Overweight and obesity were more prevalent among children from urban areas and higher income households. In particular, 2–6-year-old children from urban areas and higher income households experienced the highest increase in obesity from 2009 to 2011 (P<0.05). Children from urban areas and higher income households had overall higher intakes of total daily energy and most macro- and micronutrients (P<0.05). However, a significant proportion of children did not meet the recommendations for important micronutrients. Conclusions: Underweight and stunting currently coexist with overweight and obesity among Chinese children <12-year-old. We found critical disparities in the prevalence of under- and overweight/obesity, as well as in nutrient intakes and dietary adequacies between children from different incomes, revealing that the burden of childhood under- and overnutrition may constitute a public health concern in modern China.
JOUR
Piernas, Carmen
Wang, Dantong
Du, Shufa
Zhang, Bing
Popkin, Barry M.
2015
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
69
12
1323-9
PMC4668216
2367