Dietary Patterns Matter: Diet Beverages and Cardiometabolic Risks in the Longitudinal Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study

Duffey, Kiyah J.; Steffen, Lyn M.; Van Horn, Linda; Jacobs, David R., Jr.; & Popkin, Barry M. (2012). Dietary Patterns Matter: Diet Beverages and Cardiometabolic Risks in the Longitudinal Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 95(4), 909-15. PMCID: PMC3302365

Reference Type:
Journal Article

Secondary Title:

Series Title:

Author(s):
Duffey, Kiyah J.
Steffen, Lyn M.
Van Horn, Linda
Jacobs, David R., Jr.
Popkin, Barry M.

Editor(s):

Series Author(s):

Year Published:
2012

Date Published:

Journal Name:
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volume Number:
95

Issue Number:
4

Start Page Number:
909-15

End Page Number:

Edition:

Series Volume:

Publisher:

City of Publication:

ISSN/ISBN:

DOI:
10.3945/ajcn.111.026682

PMCID:
PMC3302365

NIHMSID:

Reference ID:
5202

Miscellaneous:

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Although diet beverages are typically consumed to promote weight control, positive associations with increased cardiometabolic risk have been reported.
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine the joint and independent association between dietary pattern and diet beverage consumption with 20-y cardiometabolic risk.
DESIGN: We analyzed a prospective 20-y cohort of young adults from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. With the use of cluster analysis, we identified 2 baseline (year 0) dietary patterns [Prudent (higher intakes of fruit, whole grains, milk, and nuts and seeds; n = 1778) and Western (higher intakes of fast food, meat and poultry, pizza, and snacks; n = 2383)] and examined the interaction with diet beverage consumption (Consumers compared with Nonconsumers) by using proportional hazards regression models.
RESULTS: Among Consumers, 66% were classified as having a Prudent diet. In fully adjusted models, being a Nonconsumer with a Prudent diet was independently associated with a lower risk of the metabolic syndrome through year 20. Lower risk in the Prudent than in the Western dietary pattern was maintained after stratification by diet beverage consumption: Prudent Nonconsumers had the lowest risk of high waist circumference (HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.97), high triglycerides (HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.93), and the metabolic syndrome (HR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.82) compared with Western Consumers.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that both overall dietary pattern and diet beverage consumption are important, to various degrees, for different metabolic outcomes. This covariation and interaction may partially explain differences in the relation between diet beverage consumption and cardiometabolic health observed in previous studies.

Keyword(s):
Biological and Social Interactions

URL:

http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.026682

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Citation:

Duffey, Kiyah J.; Steffen, Lyn M.; Van Horn, Linda; Jacobs, David R., Jr.; & Popkin, Barry M. (2012). Dietary Patterns Matter: Diet Beverages and Cardiometabolic Risks in the Longitudinal Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 95(4), 909-15. PMCID: PMC3302365