Randomized Stratified Sampling Methodology for Water Quality in Distribution Systems

Filed under: Population and Environment

Speight, Vanessa L.; Kalsbeek, William D.; & DiGiano, Francis A. (2004). Randomized Stratified Sampling Methodology for Water Quality in Distribution Systems. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 130(4), 330-8.

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Journal Article

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Author(s):
Speight, Vanessa L.
Kalsbeek, William D.
DiGiano, Francis A.

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Year Published:
2004

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Journal Name:
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management

Volume Number:
130

Issue Number:
4

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330-8

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Reference ID:
6

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Abstract:

Water utilities rely on samples collected from the distribution system to assure the quality of drinking water delivered to customers. However, few utilities employ a systematic sampling protocol to collect these samples. This paper presents a methodology that involves random selection of sample locations and time of sample collection to minimize bias and variance in results. For a given sampling goal, system-specific knowledge is incorporated into the sampling design through definition of appropriate stratification variables, selection of sample size, and sample allocation. The sampling designs produced by this methodology provide a measurement of water quality along with an estimate of statistical precision, with insights into significant factors affecting water quality. The methodology is illustrated using a synthetic data set from a distribution system water quality model to assess sampling designs and results for a mid-sized water utility.

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Population and Environment

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Citation:

Speight, Vanessa L.; Kalsbeek, William D.; & DiGiano, Francis A. (2004). Randomized Stratified Sampling Methodology for Water Quality in Distribution Systems. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 130(4), 330-8.