Association between Toenail Magnesium and Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Adults
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Previous studies have showed an inverse association between magnesium level and type 2 diabetes, but the results are inconsistent, and the evidence relates only to dietary and serum magnesium. Moreover, it is not certain how these findings are applicable to Asian people. This study was designed to examine the association between toenail magnesium and type 2 diabetes in Chinese adults. The sample was 5,683 adults 18 years or older from the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey. We used hemoglobin A1c or greater than 6.5% as the diagnostic criterion for type 2 diabetes. Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry determined toenail magnesium. Mean toenail magnesium in participants with and without type 2 diabetes was 263.0 ± 170.9 and 282.3 ± 191.9 micrograms per gram, respectively. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio for type 2 diabetes comparing the highest to the lowest quartile of toenail magnesium was 0.72 (95% confidence interval, 0.52–0.99). We found a statistically significant interaction between toenail magnesium and geographic region on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (P for interaction = 0.0086). Our findings suggest that toenail magnesium is inversely associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Promoting intake of magnesium-rich foods may bring considerable benefits for prevention of type 2 diabetes, especially in those at high risk.
JOUR
Zhang, Jiguo
Wang, Huijun
Wang, Zhihong
Zhang, Ji
Zhang, Bing
2017
Nutrients
9
8
811
PMC5579605
2582