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Citation

Clark, Jeliyah; Bulka, Catherine M.; Martin, Chantel L.; Roell, Kyle R.; Santos, Hudson P. Jr.; O'Shea, T. Michael; Smeester, Lisa; Fry, Rebecca C.; & Dhingra, Radhika (2022). Placental Epigenetic Gestational Aging in Relation to Maternal Sociodemographic Factors and Smoking among Infants Born Extremely Preterm: A Descriptive Study. Epigenetics, 17(13), 2389-2403. PMCID: PMC9665142

Abstract

Social determinants of health (SDoH) are defined as the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age. The distribution of these conditions is influenced by underlying structural factors and may be linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes through epigenetic modifications of gestational tissues. A promising modification is epigenetic gestational age (eGA), which captures 'biological' age at birth. Measuring eGA in placenta, an organ critical for foetal development, may provide information about how SDoH 'get under the skin' during pregnancy to influence birth outcomes and ethnic/racial disparities. We examined relationships of placental eGA with sociodemographic factors, smoking, and two key clinical outcomes: Apgar scores and NICU length of stay. Using the Robust Placental Clock, we estimated eGA for placental samples from the Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns cohort (N = 408). Regression modelling revealed smoking during pregnancy was associated with placental eGA acceleration (i.e., eGA higher than chronologic gestational age). This association differed by maternal race: among infants born to mothers racialized as Black, we observed greater eGA acceleration (+0.89 week, 95% CI: 0.38, 1.40) as compared to those racialized as white (+0.27 week, 95% CI: -0.06, 0.59). Placental eGA acceleration was also correlated with shorter NICU lengths of stay, but only among infants born to mothers racialized as Black (-0.08 d/week-eGA, 95% CI: -0.12, -0.05). Together, these observed associations suggest that interpretations of epigenetic gestational aging may be tissue-specific.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2022.2125717

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2022

Journal Title

Epigenetics

Author(s)

Clark, Jeliyah
Bulka, Catherine M.
Martin, Chantel L.
Roell, Kyle R.
Santos, Hudson P. Jr.
O'Shea, T. Michael
Smeester, Lisa
Fry, Rebecca C.
Dhingra, Radhika

Article Type

Regular

PMCID

PMC9665142

ORCiD

Martin, C. - 0000-0003-1907-0810