Citation
Inoue, Yosuke; Howard, Annie Green; Stickley, Andrew; Yazawa, Aki; & Gordon-Larsen, Penny (2019). Sex and Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Association between Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptom Subtypes and Body Mass Index in the Transition from Adolescence to Adulthood in the United States. Pediatric Obesity, 14(5), e12498. PMCID: PMC6525621Abstract
BACKGROUND: While attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been associated with higher body mass index (BMI), little research has focused on how this association differs by sex or race/ethnicity.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between ADHD and BMI by sex and race/ethnicity (ie, European [EA], African [AA], and Hispanic American [HA]).
METHODS: Data came from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent to Adult Health Waves II to IV (n = 13 332, age: 12-34 years). On the basis of self-reported childhood ADHD symptoms between the ages of 5 and 12 years, participants were categorized into: ADHD predominantly hyperactive/impulsive (ADHD-HI); ADHD predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I); ADHD combined (ADHD-C; a combination of ADHD-HI and ADHD-I symptoms); and non-ADHD.
RESULTS: The patterns of ADHD-BMI associations in the transition period between adolescence and young adulthood differed by sex and race/ethnicity. Compared with non-ADHD, ADHD-HI was associated with higher BMI among EA males and females, while ADHD-I was associated with higher BMI among EA females. ADHD-C was associated with higher BMI for HA females. We found no evidence of an association among AA males and females and HA males.
CONCLUSION: These study results suggest that the association between ADHD subtypes and BMI might differ across population subgroups in the United States.
URL
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12498Reference Type
Journal ArticleYear Published
2019Journal Title
Pediatric ObesityAuthor(s)
Inoue, YosukeHoward, Annie Green
Stickley, Andrew
Yazawa, Aki
Gordon-Larsen, Penny