Neighborhood Disadvantage and Neural Correlates of Threat and Reward Processing in Survivors of Recent Trauma

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Citation

Webb, E. Kate; Ely, Timothy D.; Rowland, Grace E.; Lebois, Lauren A. M.; van Rooij, Sanne J. H.; Bruce, Steven E.; Jovanovic, Tanja; House, Stacey L.; Beaudoin, Francesca L.; & An, Xinming, et al. (2023). Neighborhood Disadvantage and Neural Correlates of Threat and Reward Processing in Survivors of Recent Trauma. JAMA Network Open, 6(9), e2334483. PMCID: PMC10507487

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Differences in neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics are important considerations in understanding differences in risk vs resilience in mental health. Neighborhood disadvantage is associated with alterations in the function and structure of threat neurocircuitry.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations of neighborhood disadvantage with white and gray matter and neural reactivity to positive and negative stimuli in the context of trauma exposure.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this cross-sectional study, survivors of trauma who completed sociodemographic and posttraumatic symptom assessments and neuroimaging were recruited as part of the Advancing Understanding of Recovery After Trauma (AURORA) study between September 2017 and June 2021. Data analysis was performed from October 25, 2022, to February 15, 2023.
EXPOSURE: Neighborhood disadvantage was measured with the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) for each participant home address.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Participants completed separate threat and reward tasks during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Diffusion-weighted and high-resolution structural images were also collected. Linear models assessed the association of ADI with reactivity, microstructure, and macrostructure of a priori regions of interest after adjusting for income, lifetime trauma, sex at birth, and age. A moderated-mediation model tested whether ADI was associated with neural activity via microstructural changes and if this was modulated by PTSD symptoms.
RESULTS: A total of 280 participants (183 females [65.4%]; mean [SD] age, 35.39 [13.29] years) completed the threat task and 244 participants (156 females [63.9%]; mean [SD] age, 35.10 [13.26] years) completed the reward task. Higher ADI (per 1-unit increase) was associated with greater insula (t274 = 3.20;

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.34483

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2023

Journal Title

JAMA Network Open

Author(s)

Webb, E. Kate
Ely, Timothy D.
Rowland, Grace E.
Lebois, Lauren A. M.
van Rooij, Sanne J. H.
Bruce, Steven E.
Jovanovic, Tanja
House, Stacey L.
Beaudoin, Francesca L.
An, Xinming
Neylan, Thomas C.
Clifford, Gari D.
Linnstaedt, Sarah D.
Germine, Laura T.
Bollen, Kenneth A.
Rauch, Scott L.
Haran, John P.
Storrow, Alan B.
Lewandowski, Christopher
Musey, Paul I Jr
Hendry, Phyllis L.
Sheikh, Sophia
Jones, Christopher W.
Punches, Brittany E.
Swor, Robert A.
Pascual, Jose L.
Seamon, Mark J.
Datner, Elizabeth M.
Pearson, Claire
Peak, David A.
Merchant, Roland C.
Domeier, Robert M.
Rathlev, Niels K.
Sergot, Paulina
Sanchez, Leon D.
Kessler, Ronald C.
Koenen, Karestan C.
McLean, Samuel A.
Stevens, Jennifer S.
Ressler, Kerry J.
Harnett, Nathaniel G.

Article Type

Regular

PMCID

PMC10507487

Data Set/Study

Advancing Understanding of Recovery After Trauma (AURORA) Study

Continent/Country

United States

State

Nonspecific

Race/Ethnicity

Hispanic
Black
White

ORCiD

Bollen - 0000-0002-6710-3800