Neighborhood Crime, Deprivation, and Preterm Birth

Citation

Messer, Lynne C.; Kaufman, Jay S.; Dole, Nancy; Savitz, David A.; & Laraia, Barbara A. (2006). Neighborhood Crime, Deprivation, and Preterm Birth. Annals of Epidemiology, 16(6), 455-462.

Abstract

Purpose: Significant racial disparity in preterm birth (PTB; birth at <37 weeks' gestation) exists, poorly explained by Individual-level factors. This research explores whether neighborhood crime contributes to the racial disparity in PTB.
Methods: Geocoded Wake County, NC, birth records and crime-report data for 1999 to 2001 were merged with US Census data (2000). Race-stratified logistic and multilevel logistic models produced odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for block-group violent, theft, property, and vice crime rates and singleton PTB.
Results: A total of 13,960 women resided in a 114-block-group crime area. Non-Hispanic black women were more likely than non-Hispanic white women to deliver preterm (12.8% versus 6.7%), live in economically deprived block groups (42.2% versus 19.3% in the highest deprivation quartile), and experience more crime (32.0% versus 3.8% in the highest violent-crime-rate quartile). Quartiles of violent, theft, property, and vice crimes were associated with PTB in unadjusted models. Living in very high violent-crime-rate block-group quartiles was suggestive of increased odds of PTB for white and black non-Hispanic women (OR = 1.5; 95% CI, 0.9–2.6; and OR = 1.4; 95% CI, 1.0–2.1, respectively) in adjusted models. Other crime effects were attenuated after adjustment.
Conclusions: Differential neighborhood exposures may contribute to racial disparity in PTB.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2005.08.006

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2006

Journal Title

Annals of Epidemiology

Author(s)

Messer, Lynne C.
Kaufman, Jay S.
Dole, Nancy
Savitz, David A.
Laraia, Barbara A.

ORCiD

Dole - 0000-0002-2113-7984