Energy Density, Diet Quality, and Central Body Fat in a Nationwide Survey of Young Spaniards

Citation

Schröder, Helmut; Mendez, Michelle A.; Gomez, Santiago F.; Fíto, Montserrat; Ribas, Lourdes; Aranceta, Javier; & Serra-Majem, Lluis (2013). Energy Density, Diet Quality, and Central Body Fat in a Nationwide Survey of Young Spaniards. Nutrition, 29(11–12), 1350-1355.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the impact of energy density on diet quality and anthropometric proxy measures for central body fat in young Spaniards.
Methods: Data were obtained from a representative national sample of 2513 young Spaniards aged 10 to 24 y. Dietary assessment was performed with a 24-h recall. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured by the KIDMED index. Reduced rank regression analysis was used to identify energy-density dietary patterns. Waist circumferences and height were measured.
Results: Pastries and sausages showed the strongest loading for the dietary energy density factor score (DED-FS), with fruits and vegetables at the opposite end of the scale. Multiple linear regression analysis showed a positive association (P<0.01) of dietary energy density (DED) and the DED-FS with waist circumferences regressed on height and age (WCheight+age) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). The adjusted odds ratio for elevated WCheight+age and WHtR increased across quartile distribution of DED (P<0.001) and DED-FS (P<0.05). Diet quality characterized by the KIDMED index was negatively associated (P<0.001) with DED and the DED-FS.
Conclusions: Higher DED is a risk for increased central fat distribution and is associated with low adherence to the Mediterranean diet.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2013.05.019

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2013

Journal Title

Nutrition

Author(s)

Schröder, Helmut
Mendez, Michelle A.
Gomez, Santiago F.
Fíto, Montserrat
Ribas, Lourdes
Aranceta, Javier
Serra-Majem, Lluis