Community Influenza Activity and Risk of Acute Influenza-Like Illness Episodes among Healthy Unvaccinated Pregnant and Postpartum Women

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Citation

Lindsay, Lisa; Jackson, Lisa A.; Savitz, David A; .; Weber, David J.; Koch, Gary G.; Kong, Lan; & Guess, Harry A. (2006). Community Influenza Activity and Risk of Acute Influenza-Like Illness Episodes among Healthy Unvaccinated Pregnant and Postpartum Women. American Journal of Epidemiology, 163(9), 838-848.

Abstract

This study investigated the relation between weekly levels of influenza activity and the risk of acute influenza-like illness episodes among 8,323 healthy pregnant and postpartum women enrolled in a Puget Sound region, Washington, health maintenance organization, Group Health Cooperative, between June 1991 and December 1997. The authors classified weeks between October and May for isolate activity level based on surveillance data for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, and adenovirus infection. Influenza-like illness episodes were identified from medical encounters assigned a diagnostic code consistent with a symptomatic influenza infection. The authors compared the occurrence of influenza-like illness episodes within each pregnancy stage for periods with varying levels of influenza isolate detection in the community. Repeated-measures logistic regression methods accounted for time-dependent factors. The adjusted strength of association between influenza exposure and influenza-like illness episodes increased as the pregnancy stage progressed (first trimester odds ratio = 1.12, 95% confidence interval: 0.79, 1.59; second trimester odds ratio = 1.30, 95% confidence interval: 0.97, 1.73; third trimester odds ratio = 1.84, 95% confidence interval: 1.31, 2.59; postpartum period odds ratio = 2.28, 95% confidence interval: 1.42, 3.68). Pregnancy stage modified the association between influenza activity and influenza-like illness episodes. Findings estimate that 20-43 pregnant/postpartum women would need to be vaccinated with an 80% effective vaccine to prevent one influenza-like illness episode.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwj095

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2006

Journal Title

American Journal of Epidemiology

Author(s)

Lindsay, Lisa
Jackson, Lisa A.
Savitz, David A
.
Weber, David J.
Koch, Gary G.
Kong, Lan
Guess, Harry A.