Smoking during Pregnancy Is Associated with Higher Dietary Intake of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Poor Diet Quality

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Citation

Duarte-Salles, Talita; Mendez, Michelle A.; Pessoa, Veronica; Guxens, Monica; Aguilera, Inmaculada; Kogevinas, Manolis; & Sunyer, Jordi (2010). Smoking during Pregnancy Is Associated with Higher Dietary Intake of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Poor Diet Quality. Public Health Nutrition, 13(12), 2034-2043.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the dietary intake of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), and to characterise factors associated with higher intake during pregnancy. Recent studies suggest that prenatal exposure to PAH is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes. Other than tobacco smoke and occupational exposures, diet is the main source of human PAH exposure.
DESIGN: Prospective birth cohort study. Dietary exposure to total PAH and BaP was calculated combining food consumption data and estimated PAH concentrations in foods. One-way ANOVA was used to assess differences in intake among non-smokers, passive or active smokers. Linear regression was used to assess factors related to higher intake, and associations between dietary PAH and birth weight.
SETTING: Sabadell, Spain, 2004-2006.
SUBJECTS: Women (n 657) recruited during the first trimester of pregnancy.
RESULTS: The mean dietary intake of BaP and total PAH was significantly higher among active (0.199 and 10.207 mug/d, respectively) and passive smokers (0.196 and 9.458 mug/d) than among non-smokers (0.181 and 8.757 mug/d; P value < 0.005). Maternal age, educational level and region of origin were also associated with higher BaP intake. In all women, major contributors to PAH intake were processed/cured meats, cereals/potatoes and shellfish. Elevated first trimester dietary BaP was associated with a significant reduction in birth weight (fourth v. first quartile: beta = -142.73 g, P value < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Active and passive smokers had higher dietary PAH exposure during pregnancy because of higher intake of processed meats and shellfish. As tobacco smoke is an additional route of PAH exposure, the added dietary burden in these women is of concern.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010001278

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2010

Journal Title

Public Health Nutrition

Author(s)

Duarte-Salles, Talita
Mendez, Michelle A.
Pessoa, Veronica
Guxens, Monica
Aguilera, Inmaculada
Kogevinas, Manolis
Sunyer, Jordi