Low Frequency of Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer in the INHANCE Consortium Pooled Analysis

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Berthiller, Julien; Straif, Kurt; Agudo, Antonio; Ahrens, Wolfgang; Bezerra dos Santos, Alexandre; Boccia, Stefania; Cadoni, Gabriella; Canova, Cristina; Castellsague, Xavier; & Chen, Chu, et al. (2016). Low Frequency of Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer in the INHANCE Consortium Pooled Analysis. International Journal of Epidemiology, 45(3), 835-845. PMCID: PMC5005938

Abstract

Background: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC). To our knowledge, low cigarette smoking (<10 cigarettes per day) has not been extensively investigated in fine categories or among never alcohol drinkers.
Methods: We conducted a pooled analysis of individual participant data from 23 independent case-control studies including 19 660 HNC cases and 25 566 controls. After exclusion of subjects using other tobacco products including cigars, pipes, snuffed or chewed tobacco and straw cigarettes (tobacco product used in Brazil), as well as subjects smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day, 4093 HNC cases and 13 416 controls were included in the analysis. The lifetime average frequency of cigarette consumption was categorized as follows: never cigarette users, >0–3, >3–5, >5–10 cigarettes per day.
Results: Smoking >0–3 cigarettes per day was associated with a 50% increased risk of HNC in the study population [odds ratio (OR) = 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.21, 1.90). Smoking >3–5 cigarettes per day was associated in each subgroup from OR = 2.01 (95% CI: 1.22, 3.31) among never alcohol drinkers to OR = 2.74 (95% CI: 2.01, 3.74) among women and in each cancer site, particularly laryngeal cancer (OR = 3.48, 95% CI: 2.40, 5.05). However, the observed increased risk of HNC for low smoking frequency was not found among smokers with smoking duration shorter than 20 years.
Conclusion: Our results suggest a public health message that low frequency of cigarette consumption contributes to the development of HNC. However, smoking duration seems to play at least an equal or a stronger role in the development of HNC.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv146

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2016

Journal Title

International Journal of Epidemiology

Author(s)

Berthiller, Julien
Straif, Kurt
Agudo, Antonio
Ahrens, Wolfgang
Bezerra dos Santos, Alexandre
Boccia, Stefania
Cadoni, Gabriella
Canova, Cristina
Castellsague, Xavier
Chen, Chu
Conway, David I.
Curado, Maria Paula
Dal Maso, Luigino
Daudt, Alexander W.
Fabianova, Eleonora
Fernandez, Leticia
Franceschi, Silvia
Fukuyama, Erica E.
Hayes, Richard B.
Healy, Claire M.
Herrero, Rolando
Holcatova, Ivana
Kelsey, Karl T.
Kjaerheim, Kristina
Koifman, Sergio
Lagiou, Pagona
La Vecchia, Carlo
Lazarus, Philip
Levi, Fabio
Lissowska, Jolanta
Macfarlane, Tatiana V.
Mates, Dana
McClean, Michael D.
Menezes, Ana M.
Merletti, Franco
Morgenstern, Hal
Muscat, Joshua E.
Olshan, Andrew F.
Purdue, Mark P.
Ramroth, Heribert
Rudnai, Peter
Schwartz, Stephen M.
Serraino, Diego
Shangina, Oxana
Smith, Elaine
Sturgis, Erich M.
Szeszenia-Dabrowska, Neonila
Thomson, Peter
Vaughan, Thomas L.
Vilensky, Marta
Wei, Qingyi
Winn, Deborah M.
Wünsch-Filho, Victor
Zhang, Zuo-Feng
Znaor, Ariana
Ferro, Gilles
Brennan, Paul
Boffetta, Paolo
Hashibe, Mia
Lee, Yuan-Chin Amy

PMCID

PMC5005938

ORCiD

Olshan - 0000-0001-9115-5128