Maternal Diet Quality in Pregnancy and Neonatal Adiposity: The Healthy Start Study

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Citation

Shapiro, Allison L.; Kaar, Jill Landsbaugh; Crume, Tessa L.; Starling, Anne P.; Siega-Riz, Anna Maria; Ringham, Brandy M.; Glueck, Deborah H.; Norris, Jill M.; Barbour, Linda A.; & Friedman, Jacob E., et al. (2016). Maternal Diet Quality in Pregnancy and Neonatal Adiposity: The Healthy Start Study. International Journal of Obesity, 40(7), 1056-1062. PMCID: PMC5356926

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Poor maternal diet in pregnancy can influence fetal growth and development. We tested the hypothesis that poor maternal diet quality during pregnancy would increase neonatal adiposity (percent fat mass (%FM)) at birth by increasing the fat mass (FM) component of neonatal body composition.
METHODS: Our analysis was conducted using a prebirth observational cohort of 1079 mother-offspring pairs. Pregnancy diet was assessed via repeated Automated Self-Administered 24-h dietary recalls, from which Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) scores were calculated for each mother. HEI-2010 was dichotomized into scores of 57 and >57, with low scores representing poorer diet quality. Neonatal %FM was assessed within 72 h after birth with air displacement plethysmography. Using univariate and multivariate linear models, we analyzed the relationship between maternal diet quality and neonatal %FM, FM, and fat-free mass (FFM) while adjusting for prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), physical activity, maternal age, smoking, energy intake, preeclampsia, hypertension, infant sex and gestational age.
RESULTS: Total HEI-2010 score ranged between 18.2 and 89.5 (mean: 54.2, s.d.: 13.6). An HEI-2010 score of 57 was significantly associated with higher neonatal %FM (beta=0.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07-1.1, P<0.05) and FM (beta=20.74; 95% CI 1.49-40.0; P<0.05) but no difference in FFM.
CONCLUSIONS: Poor diet quality during pregnancy increases neonatal adiposity independent of maternal prepregnancy BMI and total caloric intake. This further implicates maternal diet as a potentially important exposure for fetal adiposity.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2016.79

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2016

Journal Title

International Journal of Obesity

Author(s)

Shapiro, Allison L.
Kaar, Jill Landsbaugh
Crume, Tessa L.
Starling, Anne P.
Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
Ringham, Brandy M.
Glueck, Deborah H.
Norris, Jill M.
Barbour, Linda A.
Friedman, Jacob E.
Dabelea, Dana

PMCID

PMC5356926

ORCiD

Siega-Riz - 0000-0002-1303-4248