Sex Differences in Associations of Adiposity Measures and Insulin Resistance in US Hispanic/Latino Youth: The Hispanic Community Children’s Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth)

Citation

Qi, Qibin; Hua, Simin; Perreira, Krista M.; Cai, Jianwen; Van Horn, Linda V.; Schneiderman, Neil; Thyagarajan, Bharat; Delamater, Alan M.; Kaplan, Robert C.; & Isasi, Carmen R. (2017). Sex Differences in Associations of Adiposity Measures and Insulin Resistance in US Hispanic/Latino Youth: The Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth). Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 102(1), 185-194. PMCID: PMC5413095

Abstract

CONTEXT: US Hispanic/Latino youth are disproportionally affected by obesity and diabetes.
OBJECTIVE: We examined associations of adiposity measures with insulin resistance (IR) and hyperglycemia, and influences of sex and pubertal development on these associations.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional analysis of 1,223 8-16 year-old Hispanic/Latino youth from a community-based study in US (SOL Youth).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: IR (>/=75th percentile of sex-specific HOMA-IR) and hyperglycemia (fasting glucose>/=100mg/dl or HbA1c>/=5.7%).
RESULTS: In boys, BMI showed the strongest association with IR (prevalence ratio [PR]=2.10 [95% CI 1.87-2.36] per SD), which was not statistically different compared to body fat percentage (%BF) (PR=2.03 [1.81-2.29]) and waist circumference (WC) (PR=1.89 [1.67-2.13]), but significantly stronger compared to fat mass index (FMI) (PR=1.79 [1.63-1.96]), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (PR=1.32 [1.21-1.44]), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (PR=1.76 [1.54-2.01]) (P for difference<0.05). In girls, %BF (PR=2.73 [2.34-3.20]) showed a significantly stronger association with IR compared to BMI (PR=1.48 [1.29-1.70]), FMI (PR=1.71 [1.49-1.95]), WC (PR=1.96 [1.70-2.27]), WHR (PR=1.95 [1.70-2.23]), and WHtR (PR=1.79 [1.53-2.09]) (P for difference<0.003). Associations between adiposity measures and IR were generally stronger among children in puberty versus those completed puberty, with significant interactions for WC and WHtR in boys, and BMI in girls (P for interaction<0.01). Adiposity measures were modestly associated with hyperglycemia (PR=1.14-1.25) with no interactions with sex or pubertal status.
CONCLUSIONS: Sex and puberty may influence associations between adiposity measures and IR in US Hispanic/Latino youth. Use of multiple adiposity measures are needed to better assess IR risk between boys and girls according to pubertal status.

URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-2279

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year Published

2017

Journal Title

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Author(s)

Qi, Qibin
Hua, Simin
Perreira, Krista M.
Cai, Jianwen
Van Horn, Linda V.
Schneiderman, Neil
Thyagarajan, Bharat
Delamater, Alan M.
Kaplan, Robert C.
Isasi, Carmen R.

PMCID

PMC5413095

ORCiD

Perreira - 0000-0003-2906-0261